The acceptability and utility of Indigenous youth health assessments: A narrative systematic review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background:The time between childhood and adulthood is when an individual acquires the physical, cognitive, social, and economic resources that are foundational to health and wellbeing later in life. The psychological and physiological transitions of youth are compounded by profound transitions in social role, including those related to employment, education, and family role. Additionally, Indigenous youth are developing their cultural identity while also contending with challenges of ongoing colonisation and everyday lived experiences of racism which negatively impacts their health and wellbeing. A comprehensive assessment of Indigenous youths’ health and wellbeing could enable early diagnosis and respond to physical and mental ill health concerns. This narrative systematic review synthesizes evidence about the acceptability and utility of primary health care-based health assessments for improving the health and wellbeing of Indigenous youth.Methods:A systematic search strategy was applied to 20 electronic databases (four bibliographic and 16 grey literature). Studies were included if they reported on health assessments conducted in primary health care with youth aged 12–24 years who were Indigenous to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States of America (USA), Taiwan, and the arctic regions of Scandinavia and Russia. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection, quality appraisal and data extraction. A narrative synthesis was undertaken.Results:Of the 3061 unique studies identified, seven met the eligibility criteria and were included: four mixed-methods studies, two qualitative studies and one quantitative study. Included studies showed youth health assessments were useful for making new diagnoses, detecting social and emotional wellbeing concerns, and some biomedical parameters. Co-created health assessments with Indigenous youth conducted by clinicians familiar to community were well accepted. Digital health assessments administered using an electronic tablet provide advantages. No health outcomes were reported. Additionally, no health assessments addressed the impacts of colonisation and racism.Conclusion:There is insufficient evidence to make firm conclusions about benefits of health assessments; however, health assessments can be useful for detecting new diagnoses and concerns regarding social determinants of health and social and emotional wellbeing. Future development of Indigenous youth health assessments needs to involve Indigenous youth’s perspectives, ideas and, interpretations of health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.060 | 0.236 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.012 | 0.012 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".