Partial Replacement of Petroleum Coke with Modified Biocoke during Production of Anodes Used in the Aluminum Industry: Effect of Additive Type
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, biocoke modified with different additives was used to replace part of the petroleum coke. Previously, a number of researchers attempted to manufacture anodes using biocoke. However, the majority of these efforts were unsuccessful because the quality of the anodes deteriorated with this replacement. The deterioration was due to the weak interactions between the pitch and biocoke compared to those between the pitch and petroleum coke. In this study, a chemical modification of biocoke was carried out using three additives (i.e., A(1), A(2), and A(3)) with the aim of improving biocoke–pitch interactions to prevent the deterioration of anode quality. The results of this study showed that biocoke–pitch interactions improved when the biocoke was modified with A(1) and A(3). The anodes containing biocoke modified with these two additives had properties similar to those of the standard anode (i.e., without biocoke). The utilization of additive A(2) did not show the same trend.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it