Experimental Investigation of High Temperature Behaviour of an Asphalt Binder Modified with Laval University Silica Based on Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery Test
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For experimental investigation of the high temperature behaviour of an asphalt binder modified with Laval university silica (LUS-1) nanostructured particle, four different asphalt binders were produced using a mixture of 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt% of this additive and a neat bitumen at 170 °C. The neat bitumen was yielded from crude oil refining and had a penetration grade of 85–100. After a 20 min vibration, the produced mixtures were mechanically mixed for 30 min in a high-shear homogenizer mixer with an angular velocity of 4500 rpm. Then, the modified binders and neat bitumen were subjected to multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test, after the aging process in rolling thin film oven (RTFOT) test. The results of this study, which were in agreement with the results of the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test, indicated that LUS-1 could improve the high temperature behaviour of binders. The greatest improvement occurred using 4 wt% of LUS-1, where this improvement was more pronounced at high stress levels. Elevating the levels of stress and temperature led to diminished traffic grade and more viscous behaviour in asphalt binders modified with LUS-1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".