Modeling of Thermo-Responsive Stiffening of Poly(oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate)–Cellulose Nanocrystal Hydrogels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding the phase transition-induced stiffening of thermo-responsive hydrogels is crucial for their practical applications. Here, we used theoretical models to describe the stiffening during the isochoric thermal transitions of a series of model thermo-responsive hydrogels consisting of hydrazide-functionalized poly(oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA-H) and oxidized cellulose nanocrystals. Beyond the transition temperature, theoretical models showed that the magnitude of the force required to extend a collapsed chain in a poor solvent was determined by the exposed surface area of the chain and interfacial tension between the polymer and solvent. Storage modulus measurements of the hydrogels with different molar percentage of OGEMA300 monomers confirmed the role of the exposed surface area of the chain in the solvent on the thermal stiffening of thermo-responsive hydrogels. The reduction in the magnitude of thermal stiffening of hydrogels in the presence of isopropyl alcohol confirmed the effect of interfacial tension on the thermal stiffening of thermo-responsive hydrogels. The ideas presented in this study will facilitate the development of stimuli-stiffening hydrogels for biomedical applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".