FE Modelling and Simulation of the Size Effect of RC T-Beams Strengthened in Shear with Externally Bonded FRP Fabrics
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study is to conduct a finite-element (FE) numerical study to assess the effect of size on the shear resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened in shear with externally bonded carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (EB-CFRP). Although a few experimental studies have been done, there is still a lack of FE studies that consider the size effect. Experimental tests are time-consuming and costly and cannot capture all the complex and interacting parameters. In recent years, advanced numerical models and constitutive laws have been developed to predict the response of laboratory tests, particularly for issues related to shear resistance of RC beams, namely, the brittle response of concrete in shear and the failure modes of the interface layer between concrete and EB-CFRP (debonding and delamination). Numerical models have progressed in recent years and can now capture the interfacial shear stress along the bond and the strain profile along the fibres and the normalized main diagonal shear cracks. This paper presents the results of a nonlinear FE numerical study on nine RC beams strengthened in shear using EB-CFRP composites that were tested in the laboratory under three series, each containing three sizes of geometrically similar RC beams (small, medium, and large). The results reveal that numerical studies can predict experimental results with good accuracy. They also confirm that the shear strength of concrete and the contribution of CFRP to shear resistance decrease as the size of beams increases.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it