Semi-Industrial Production of a DPP-IV and ACE Inhibitory Peptide Fraction from Whey Protein Concentrate Hydrolysate by Electrodialysis with Ultrafiltration Membrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The separation by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes (EDUF), at a semi-industrial scale, of a new whey protein hydrolysate obtained from a whey protein concentrate was assessed. After 6 h of treatment, more than 9 g of peptides were recovered in the peptide recovery fraction, for a recovery yield of 5.46 ± 0.56% and containing 18 major components. Among these components, positively charged peptides, such as ALPMHIR + PHMIR, LIVTQTMK and TKIPAVF, were present, and their relative abundances increased by nearly 1.25 X and up to 7.55 X. The presence of these peptides may be promising, as ALPMHIR has a strong activity against angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and LIVTQTMK has structural properties that could interfere with dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). Many neutral peptides were also recovered alongside those. Nevertheless, the inhibitory activity against DPP-IV and ACE increased from 2 X and 4 X, respectively, in the peptide recovery fraction compared to the initial hydrolysate, due to the improved content in bioactive peptides. Thus, this new hydrolysate is well-suited for the large-scale production of a peptide fraction with high bioactivities. Furthermore, what was achieved in this work came close to what could be achieved for the industrial production of a bioactive peptide fraction from whey proteins.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".