2‐Aminopurine Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Probing a Glucose Binding Aptamer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Glucose is the most important analyte for biosensors. Recently a DNA aptamer was reported allowing binding‐based detection. However, due to a relatively weak binding affinity, it is difficult to perform binding assays to understand the property of this aptamer. In this work, we replaced the only adenine base in the aptamer binding pocket with a 2‐aminopurine (2AP) and used fluorescence spectroscopy to study glucose binding. In the selection buffer, glucose increased the 2AP fluorescence with a K d of 15.0 mM glucose, which was comparable with the 10 mM K d previously reported using the strand displacement assay. The binding required two Na + ions or one Mg 2+ that cannot be replaced by Li + or K + . The binding was weaker at higher temperature and its van't Hoff plot indicated enthalpy‐driven binding. While other monosaccharides failed to achieve saturated binding even at high concentrations, two glucose‐containing disaccharides, namely trehalose and sucrose, reached a similar fluorescence level as glucose although with over 10‐fold higher K d values. Detection limits in both the selection buffer (0.9 mM) and in artificial interstitial fluids (6.0 mM) were measured.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".