Performance Evaluation of an Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Multilevel Converter for Active Filtering in G2V-V2G and V2H Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the performance evaluation of a proposed single-phase bidirectional active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) five-level converter (5LC) for active filtering in grid-to-vehicle (G2V), vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-home (V2H) applications. In the system, the 5LC is series-connected with an electric vehicle battery charger based on a dual active half-bridge DC-DC converter (DAHBC). A cascaded strategy with a proportional-resonant compensator controls the 5LC whereas the DAHBC is controlled by a single phase-shift technique. A performance comparison is carried out for the proposed topology versus three NPC/ANPC 5L converters found in literature with similar topologies. The simulation results obtained in MATLAB-SimPowerSystems along with the experimental results obtained from a laboratory prototype validate the following: a) the first two literature topologies have the highest efficiencies, but they are incapable of balancing the voltage of the split-capacitors what increases the total harmonic distortion of both the grid current in the G2V/V2G modes and the 5LC output voltage in the V2H mode while producing a sluggish transient response, b) the 3rd literature topology like the proposed one properly balance the capacitors voltage and achieve a faster dynamics, but at the expense of an efficiency reduction, and c) unlike the former topology that continuously applies a natural but wasting unfedback voltage balancing strategy, the proposed one that includes a closed-loop control allows achieving an ANPC 5LC with a superior performance featured by a higher efficiency, a reduced switches stress, a flatter power losses distribution and a better power quality improving under the three modes of operation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".