Biogeography and taxonomy of the <i>Hemileuca maia-nevadensis</i> Stretch species complex (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae): insights to the midcontinental populations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An integrated assessment of geographic distribution, genetic variation and interpopulation reproductive barriers of the Great Plains and Great Lakes populations of the Hemileuca maia-nevadensis species complex is presented. The taxonomic circumscription of Hemileuca nevadensis Stretch, key to understanding the complex evolutionary history of the group, has previously been misinterpreted. Detailed distribution maps based on historic, literature, and contemporary occurrence records, combined with analysis of genetic variation using mtDNA-COI barcode sequences and pheromone compatibility trials, indicate that Great Plains H . “ nevadensis ” are disjunct and genetically divergent from nominate H. nevadensis , instead being more closely related to Great Lakes populations. Despite the genomic differentiation of the bog buckmoth established in recent studies, similar or identical mtDNA-COI haplotypes indicate past genetic linkages among now-isolated populations across the northern range periphery of the maia -complex. Based on the current evidence, northern Great Plains Hemileuca latifascia Barnes & McDunnough stat. nov . and eastern Great Lakes (bog buckmoth) Hemileuca menyanthevora Pavulaan stat. nov . (= Hemileuca iroquois Dirig & Cryan syn. nov .) should be considered as species distinct from others in the maia -group. Post-glacial dispersal hypotheses are evaluated in light of molecular variation and ecology, and key knowledge gaps are identified to guide future research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".