Bibliographic record
Abstract
What does it matter if you do not believe me? The future will surely come. Just a little while And you will see for yourself. Cassandra, in the Oresteia by Aeschylus The amount of warming the Earth experiences is directly dependent on the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, particularly carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) – a long-lived gas that remains in the atmosphere for decades, centuries, and millennia. Because it lasts so long, it has a long-term influence on climate. Today’s Climate The amount of CO 2 emitted into the atmosphere has increased every year since 1990, with the exception of 2009, when yearly emissions decreased by 1.3 percent. This exception was in large measure a result of a contraction in global production, capital investment, and consumption. Yet even though emissions in 2009 were lower than those in 2008, they were still the second highest in human history, just behind 2008’s total of 9.45 billion metric tonnes. As we send more and more CO 2 into the atmosphere, the atmospheric concentration of the gas rises. In 1990, the amount of CO 2 in the atmosphere was 354 parts per million (ppm). By August 2011, it had reached 390 ppm. Although plants, which use CO 2 to live and grow, do not mind this extra CO 2 in the atmosphere, all oxygen-breathing organisms, including humans, have a little less to breathe. However, the critical problem with rising CO 2 levels in the atmosphere has to do with their influence on climate.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.156 | 0.064 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".