51st ISCEV international symposium abstract issue
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose A 29 year old woman presented with constricted visual field, attenuated retinal vasculature, pigmentary clumping and reduced ERG in OS only, suggesting a diagnosis of unilateral retinitis pigmentosa (RP).This patient was subsequently seen on 8 occasions over 30 years and, with time, the initially normal eye (OD) gradually showed signs of RP-like retinal degeneration.On last examination (2012) the patient was legally blind OU.The purpose of this study was to evaluate which clinical test (visual field, retinal fundus or ERG) was first to predict this fate.Method Data obtained from control subjects [visual field area (N = 30), retinal vessels diameter (N = 20), scotopic and photopic ERG amplitude (N = 80) and time-frequency (discrete wavelet transform (DWT) measurements of photopic ERG (N = 80)] were compared (Z-score statistics) with the results from the patient.Linear interpolation was used to estimate p-values between two consecutive tests. ResultsAt the initial visit, all tests were significantly altered in OS (p \ 0.05) and normal in OD (p [ 0.05).Visual field areas and retinal vessel calibers in OD gradually reduced to reach statistical significance (p \ 0.05) 20.2 and 19.1 years after the first examination, respectively.The amplitude of the scotopic ERG in OD also reduced gradually and became significantly smaller than normal (p \ 0.05) 8.5 years after the initial visit.Similarly, the amplitude of the photopic b-wave reached significance (p \ 0.05) after 15.5 years.In contrast, when the DWT was used to quantify the photopic b-wave, we were able to detect a significant change (in the Ho ¨lder exponent descriptor) after 6.9 years only (p \ 0.05).Finally, of note, the rate of degeneration (based on the photopic ERGs) progressed significantly faster (5 times faster) in the initially normal eye. ConclusionOur results demonstrate that the first sign of pathology was observed after 20 years with the traditional clinical features (retinal fundus and visual field), while the ERG was significantly altered after 8 (rod function) and 15 years (cone function).The cone ERG changes were detected even faster (after 7 years compared to 15) when a sophisticated mathematical tool were used (DWT).Our results demonstrate the advantage of the DWT for early detection of significant alteration in retinal function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.235 | 0.091 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".