Bibliographic record
Abstract
China Central Television (CCTV) is the national broadcaster of the People's Republic of China (PRC) (→ China Central Television Channel 9 (CCTV‐9); China: Media System). In 2010, CCTV broadcast globally to target markets via satellite and cable in Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), English, French, Russian, and Spanish (→ Satellite Television; Cable Television). CCTV's non‐English and non‐Chinese foreign language services are closely related to each other and to the original foreign language service in English. That service was launched in 1986 as English News , a daily bulletin translated from CCTV's national nightly news, Xinwen Lianbo (Liu 2006). For the next eighteen years, the English language service was CCTV's only non‐Chinese broadcast intended for foreigners. However, an ambitious government project launched in 2001 to promote the global image of the People's Republic of China (PRC) resulted in an expansion of CCTV's overseas broadcasts. CCTV launched a joint French and Spanish service on October 1, 2004. The broadcaster split that service into separate French and Spanish channels on October 1, 2007. CCTV added an Arabic channel on July 25, 2009, and launched its Russian service on September 10, 2009. CCTV‐F (French), CCTV‐E (Spanish), CCTV (Arabic) and CCTV (Russian) are based on a common programming template originally derived from CCTV‐9 (English, now broadcast as CCTV‐News). The shared template resulted from the common origins of the services within CCTV's Overseas Service Center (OSC), which also ran a Mandarin language broadcast oriented to Chinese and Chinese speakers abroad. Senior personnel for these channels primarily were drawn from within the ranks of administrators, journalists, and technicians already working at the OSC. As of November 2010, all of CCTV's foreign language overseas channels had a rotation of Chinese and foreign news anchors and program hosts, the latter from the following countries: Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Tunisia (Arabic); Australia, Canada, Malaysia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, the United States, Zimbabwe (English); Belgium, France (French); Belarus, Russia, Ukraine (Russian); and Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and Spain (Spanish).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".