Sudden Cardiac Arrest Caused by a Ball Impact to the Chest Wall: Commotio Cordis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A sudden cardiac death caused by a blunt forceful trauma in the chest wall region is called commotio cordis. It is considered to be the second leading cause of sudden death in a young athlete after hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. The number of reported cases is increasing by the year and that corresponds to the increased awareness of the condition. Commotio cordis by definition is blunt trauma to the chest wall in the area of the cardiac silhouette causing a ventricular fibrillation. The actual mechanism of the induction of the ventricular fibrillation is complicated but can be simplified as a forced depolarization in the impact area caused by a disturbance of the K ATP channel, which, if happened in a specific time in the cardiac cycle specifically within 20 - 10 ms before the T wave peak, will lead to a ventricular fibrillation. Here, we discuss a 25-year-old man that got hit with a tennis ball during a match and was luckily revived with the aid of an automated external defibrillator (AED). J Med Cases. 2017;8(12):393-395 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc2941w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".