Bibliographic record
Abstract
XA1. Modifications of the Proton-Proton Chain. A. G. W. C ameron , Atomic Energy of Canada Limited. —The unexpectedly large cross section measured 1 for the He 3 (α,β)Be 7 reaction implies that this reaction will complete the proton-proton chain in stars with higher temperatures and helium concentrations, supplanting the He 3 (He 3 ,2 p )He 4 reaction. The energy generation rate is thus doubled because of the more efficient conversion of hydrogen into helium. From recent solar model calculations 2 it appears that the He 3 (α,γ)Be 7 process did not take place in the primordial sun, but now predominates within about the central seven percent of the radius. Be 7 is ionized in the solar interior. the free electron capture rate has been estimated by replacing the wave function for a K electron at the nuclear surface by that for a free electron. this rate appears to be slightly smaller at the solar center than the rate for the Be 7 ( p ,γ)B 3 process, which has been computed for direct nonresonant capture using a square well. If this is correct, then the very energetic B 3 neutrinos should have a flux at the earth of about 4×10 3 neutrinos cm −3 sec −1 , which can probably be detected using a 10 000 gal tank of CCl 4 in a mine (R. Davis, private communication). The modified proton-proton chain may produce the large lithium abundances in certain giant stars. Thanks are due W. A. Fowler for bringing the work of reference 1 to the writer’s attention before publication.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.778 | 0.586 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".