The potential of novel phenol-derivative compounds for feeding deterrent control of several stored-product coleopteran pests
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of new tactics for the management of stored-product insects is important as more conventional methods may becoming less effective due to pesticide resistance and the increasing interest in developing chemical control options with fewer of the negative side effects (e.g., environmental and health impacts). I screened several libraries of phenol-derived compounds with varying substitutions and substituents for their potential as feeding deterrents and insecticides using flour disk no-choice feeding bioassays against a total of five species of stored-product coleopteran: Tribolium castaneum, T. confusum, Sitophilus oryzae, S. zeamais, and Rhyzopertha dominica. By using structurally similar compounds, I was able to determine some structure-activity relationships, in particular meta- and para-substituted rings with mid-sized substituents showed the highest feeding deterrent activity. I was also able to show that while there where some similarities in both feeding behavior and mortality between the closely related species, there were also differences which highlights the importance of not extrapolating behavior even to closely related species. There was also evidence that, in general, the primary pests (S. oryzae, S. zeamais, and R. dominica) showed more sensitivity to the test compounds compared to the secondary pests (T. castaneum and T. confusum), which may be explained by looking at these species as specialist and generalist feeders. Finally, during the course of the experiments, an alternative method of measuring feeding in the flour disk bioassays was developed (surface area) and compared to the established method (weight). The methods are comparable and surface area analyses may be a less expensive, alternative way of measuring feeding in some scenarios. Ultimately I was able to identify several compounds that show potential to be feeding deterrents for some stored-product coleopteran pests without significant mortality.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".