Fluoxetine in the Treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractOBJECTIVE:To examine the role of fluoxetine in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).DATA SOURCES:Search strategy included MEDLINE (1966–February 2002), Embase (1988–February 2002), HealthStar (1975–December 2000), Current Contents (1996–November 2001), and Copernic (November 2001). Search terms included fluoxetine, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, PMDD, late luteal-phase dysphoric disorder, and severe premenstrual syndrome.STUDY SELECTION:English-language human studies were selected and evaluated based on quality of evidence.DATA SYNTHESIS:Eight prospective trials (3 double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover; 3 double-blind, randomized, controlled; 2 open-label), 1 case series, and 1 meta-analysis were identified. Although 6 of the studies involved small sample sizes (n < 50), all found fluoxetine to be effective in the treatment of PMDD.CONCLUSIONS:Despite limited data, fluoxetine 20 mg/d appears to be effective in the treatment of PMDD. However, adverse effects, particularly headaches and sexual dysfunction, are possible. Given the long half-life of fluoxetine and the short duration of PMDD symptoms per cycle, larger, well-designed clinical trials evaluating intermittent dosing for only 1 week or a few doses need to be performed. ResumenOBJETIVO:Examinar el papel de fluoxetin en el tratamiento del desorden premenstrual disfórico (PMDD, por sus siglas en inglés).FUENTES DE DATOS:La búsqueda de literatura incluyó MEDLINE (1966–2001), Embase (1988–2001), HealthStar (1975–2000), Current Contents (1996–2001), y Copernic (julio 2001). Los términos de búsqueda incluyeron fluoxetin, desorden premenstrual disfórico, PMDD, desorden de la fase luteal tardía, y síndrome premenstrual severo.SELECCIÓN DE ESTUDIOS:Los estudios de humanos en idioma inglés fueron seleccionados y evaluados basado en la calidad de la evidencia.SÍNTESIS:Se identificaron 8 estudios prospectivos (3 doble ciegos cruzados y controlados por placebo, 3 doble ciegos aleatorios, 2 de etiqueta abierta), 1 caso de serie, y 1 análisis meta. Aunque 6 de los estudios involucran muestras pequeñas (n < 50), todos encontraron que fluoxetin era efectivo en el tratamiento de PMDD.CONCLUSIONES:A pesar de los datos limitados, parece que 20 mg diarios de fluoxetin son efectivos en el tratamiento de PMDD. Sin embargo, es posible experimentar los efectos secundarios, en particular dolor de cabeza y disfunción sexual. Dado la vida media larga de fluoxetin y la duración corta de los síntomas de PMDD por ciclo, se necesitan realizar estudios clínicos más grandes que evalúen dosis intermitentes por 1 semana o varias dosis. RésuméOBJECTIF:Évaluer le rôle de la fluoxétine dans le traitement du syndrome prémenstruel.SOURCES DE DONNÉES:Une recherche de la littérature a été affectuée à partir des bases de données MEDLINE (1966–2001), Embase (1988–2001), HealthStar (1975–2000), Current Contents (1996–2000), et Copernis (juillet 2001). La stratégie de recherche incluait les mots clés suivants: fluoxetine, dysphorie prémenstruelle, PMDD, dysphorie de la phase lutéale tardive, et syndrome prémenstruel sévère.SÉLECTION DES DONNÉES:Les études cliniques humaines publiées en anglais ont été sélectionées et évaluées en fonction de la qualité des preuves.RÉSULTATS:Huit études prospectives (3 études placebo contrôlées à double insu et chassée-croisées, 3 études à double insu avec répartition aléatoire, 2 études ouvertes), 1 série de cas et 1 méta-analyse ont été retenues. Malgré leur petite taille échantillonale (n < 50), 6 des études ont observé une efficacité de la fluoxétine dans le traitement du syndrome prémenstruel.CONCLUSIONS:Malgré des données limitées, la fluoxétine 20 mg par jour semble efficace pour le traitement du syndrome prémenstruel. Toutefois, des effets indésirables peuvent ětre associées au traitement, en particulier des céphalées et des dysfonctions sexuelles. Considérant la longue demi-vie de la fluoxétine et la durée limitée des symptômes associés au syndrome prémenstruel à chaque cycle, des études de plus grande taille et évaluant une administration intermittente pour 1 semaine ou quelques doses devraient ětre conduites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".