Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Romano‐British goddess who personified the Brigantes, the largest tribe in Roman Britain, which, according to Ptolemy, extended ”from sea to sea” (Geog . 2.3.10) – across the Pennines and most of northern England. Appropriately the name derives from Celtic *frng‐(”high”), like that of the Irish saint Brigit, who may have once been a cognate deity. The only representation is the stone figure from Birrens (Dumfriesshire) (CSIR I.4, No. 12= RIB 2091), a winged female warrior with shield, spear, and orb, plumed helmet with mural crown implying power to protect a city or people, the Gorgon's‐head aegis on her breast, and a conical omphalos stone beside her. These attributes identify her with Minerva, Victoria, and Dea Caelestis, the North African Juno/Tanit. The only other evidence of her cult and its extent are seven inscribed altars: RIB 623 (found near Huddersfield, in the masculine form Bregans); RIB 627 (dedicated near Halifax in 208 CE , which equates her with Victoria); RIB 628 (Castleford); RIB 630 (near Leeds); RIB 1053 (South Shields); RIB 1131 (Corbridge, dedicated by a centurion who equates her with Caelestis and Juno Regina, the consort of Jupiter Dolichenus); and RIB 2066 (Brampton, near Carlisle, dedicated by the imperial procurator of Britain to the ”goddess‐nymph” Brigantia for the well‐being of the emperor Caracalla, probably in 212 CE ). These may imply official recognition in the early third century CE , perhaps as personifying the new province of Lower Britain, but the evidence from Birrens, which was apparently abandoned ca. 180 CE , proves that the cult already existed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.379 | 0.145 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".