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Record W4240159775 · doi:10.1002/9781119181002.ch12

Case Studies

2016· other· en· W4240159775 on OpenAlex
Marc A. Rosen, Seama Koohi‐Fayegh

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueGeothermal Energy · 2016
Typeother
Languageen
FieldEnergy
TopicGeothermal Energy Systems and Applications
Canadian institutionsOntario Tech University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHeat pumpThermal energy storageGeothermal energyGeothermal gradientRenewable heatGeothermal heatingElectricityEnvironmental scienceContext (archaeology)Thermal energyThermalCivil engineeringProcess engineeringEngineeringMeteorologyMechanical engineeringHybrid heatGeologyElectrical engineeringThermodynamicsGeographyGeophysicsPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A range of case studies is presented to illustrate the application of geothermal energy systems that utilize the ground for heating and cooling as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The cases consider applications from the residential, commercial and institutional building sectors, as well as relevant utility sector entities involved in electricity generation and district heating and cooling. The case studies illustrate the context in which geothermal energy systems can be employed and assessed, and are based mainly on actual applications and drawn from various sources. The types of geothermal energy systems covered through the case studies include an underground thermal energy storage, a ground and water tank thermal energy storage for heating, a space conditioning with a heat pump and seasonal thermal storage, and an integrated system with a ground-source heat pump, thermal storage, and district energy.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.516
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0220.003

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.262
Teacher spread0.241 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it