Metastable Reaction Mixtures for the <i>in Situ</i> Polymerization of Conducting Polymers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The widespread use of conducting polymers in technological applications has been hindered by poor processability; strong intermolecular interactions prohibit thermal processing and reduce solubility in conventional solvents. To date, there has been a focus on the disruption of these interactions through the functionalization of the polymer backbone or the stabilization of colloidal polymer. In this work, we present a generalized approach to the synthesis of conducting polymers that uses an easily processable mixture of monomer and oxidant that is metastable in solution, yet rapidly polymerizes upon solvent evaporation. This procedure was originally used for the polymerization of pyrrole and is now demonstrated as a general approach by extending the method to the polymerization of thiophene. The method allows the casting and spin-coating of films with similar conductivities and redox properties to those of electrochemically generated thin films, without the need for a conducting substrate. Films produced via spin-coating are smooth with a thickness of 100−200 nm and show conductivities in the range 0.2−0.3 S cm -1 . Microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations are also presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".