Transplantation clinical 1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction and Aims: Kidney transplantation is to relive patients of the burden of dialysis and to allow returning to productive life.However obtaining organs remains the major problem all over the world.This had led to development of new alternatives like; commercial transplantation in some countries, although it had been considered unethical, it has a high complications rate as well.The aim of the study was to compare the long term course and outcome of patients with commercial transplantations and living related kidney transplantation in two different centres.Methods: A 368 kidney transplanted patients were examined retrospectively and classified into; Group I: 138 patients had living kidney transplantation at Uni-klinik Düsseldorf in Germany.Group II: 230 patients had commercial transplantation in some countries and followed up at Zahra kidney centre in Libya.follow up data regarding medical, surgical complications, patient and graft survival at one, five and ten years were reported.Results: We compared group II group I, during the same period of time.The result showed; Acute rejection episode (14.8%) in (group II) and (7.2%) in (group I) (p<0.038),Chronic rejection was equal in both groups, 12.3% had resumed dialysis in the first two years post operatively in (group II) compared group I (2.8%) (P<0.000).Post transplant hypertension among group II (66.5%) compared with group I (9.4%) (p=0.001) and post transplant diabetes, (0.7% and 2.9%) in group I and group II, respectively (P=0.001).There were more infectious complications like hepatitis C and B, CMV, herpes zoster and Tuberculosis in group II (25.9% vs. 5%), Surgical complications like graft artery stenosis in living related donor transplantation (8.9 vs. 1%), Kaposi sarcoma in (in (group II) 1.7% vs. 0).Patient survival rates were different in the five and ten years (87.8 and 84%, respectively for the group II and 94.2 and 94.2%, respectively for group I (P =0.0001), 10-year graft survival was (71.7%) for group I and (63.9%) for group II.(P=0.002).Death in the (group I) was (6%).The main causes of death were; cardiovascular complications 2(28.5%) and graft failure 2(28.5%).While in group II; was (16%), the commonest causes of death; infection (30%), cardiovascular (24%), and graft failure 9 (24%).Conclusions: The Outcomes of commercial transplantation are inferior to Living related transplantation, because it carries a high rate of complications like; infections which are the major causes of morbidity and mortality and despite that the patient survival rate is comparable, graft survival is worse than conventional living related transplantations at the long term follow up.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.218 | 0.087 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".