Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wetland Birds: Habitat Resources and Conservation Implications.—Milton W. Weller. 1999. Cambridge University Press, New York. xv + 277 pp. ISBN 0-521-63326-5. Cloth, $74.95. ISBN 0-521-63362-1. Paper, $32.95.—They are hidden amid the Great Plains, and each spring they awaken from their winter slumber. Life of all forms flourishes within their still waters: stalks of Typha and Scirpus rise en masse to transform a sea of brown into a carpet of green; larval damselflies and dragonflies crawl to the water's edge and cast off their shells to become creatures of the air. Predatory mink and giant waterbugs prowl above and below the water's surface. And each spring they are home to the great flocks of migratory birds, many of which will settle in to raise their families. They are, of course, the prairie wetlands, and they rank among the most productive habitats on the face of the earth. As Milton Weller outlines in Wetland Birds, the lifeblood of wetlands is water: it dictates seasonal plant growth and animal succession. Winter snows and spring rains fill ponds and recharge aquifers; small increases in summer temperatures accelerate evaporation, and temporary wetlands disappear while permanent ones shrink. Water control in the Florida everglades, for example, has transformed the annual cycle of seasonal flooding into semipermanent water with community-wide effects, highlighting an important problem: wetlands face the inexorable pressures of human intrusion. North America has lost half of its original wetlands to drainage, and much of the remainder is threatened; the figure is even higher in other regions of the world.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".