Bibliographic record
Abstract
Isaac W. Martin of University of California, San Diego reviews “Taxing Reforms: The Politics of the Consumption Tax in Japan, the United States, Canada and Australia” by Richard Eccleston,. The EconLit Abstract of the reviewed work begins “Explores the politics of consumption tax reform in the four countries where the political resistance to such policies has been most acute--Australia, Canada, Japan, and the United States. Provides an overview of the contemporary literature on institutional and policy change and identifies a number of processes and mechanisms likely to be associated with comprehensive tax reform. Presents the empirical context for the book’s case studies and describes the rise and proliferation of value-added taxes over the course of the twentieth century. Describes the politics of consumption tax reform in Australia between the early 1970s and 2000. Considers the politics of introducing a national goods and services tax in Canada. Assesses the most notable exception to the trend toward implementing national level value added taxes among advanced industrial nations with an American case study. Identifies a number of occasions on which U.S. policymakers gave serious consideration to the introduction of a national value added tax. Eccleston is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Government at the University of Tasmania. Index.”
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".