Bibliographic record
Abstract
As I write this, the UN's Annual Climate Conference is beginning in Durban, South Africa, a year or so before the main provisions of the 1997 Kyoto protocol expire. This was the world's only comprehensive treaty obliging countries to cut their emissions. Recently, the question of global warming has become viewed with some skepticism, particularly in the United States, and there is considerable discussion about whether a legally binding climate treaty is necessary. Scientists, politicians, and industry are hotly debating issues related to the effects of global warming on the environment and the effects on industry of efforts to control this. In this issue, we publish two papers discussing the environmental impact of health care. The first is by John Agar from Australia, discussing what he sees as the astonishing environmental effects of dialysis worldwide and the pressing need to begin to address developing sustainable dialysis practices worldwide. The second, a paper from the UK Department of Health in London, discusses sustainability in the delivery of health care, both in nephrology and in medical care more generally, and the effects of health care on the environment. I hope you will find these interesting. While reviewing these articles I came across the Centre for Sustainable Healthcare (formerly known as the Campaign for Greener Healthcare) at http://sustainablehealthcare.org.uk/. This is an independent UK organization that is working with key partners to engage health care professionals, patients, and the wider community in understanding the connections between health and environment and the importance of adopting sustainable practices at work and at home. It quotes reports that the National Health Service is one of the biggest carbon polluters in the United Kingdom being responsible for 21 million tons of CO2 each year – representing 25% of all public sector carbon emissions in England. The site also includes a presentation from the Cost Saving Strategies in Renal Medicine Conference held in the UK on 1 December 2011 – http://sustainablehealthcare.org.uk/green-nephrology/resources/2011/12/green-nephrology-save-carbon-save-money-slides. There is already an active Green Nephrology Network in the United Kingdom. If you enjoy the current articles the websites are worth a visit. In this issue, there is also an account of the origins of the first freestanding not-for-profit hemodialysis unit in the world, the Seattle Artificial Kidney Center that opened 50 years ago in January 1962. The International Society for Hemodialysis is pleased to present its 2012 ISHD Belding H. Scribner Trailblazer Award in Hemodialysis to Lee Henderson, MD on February 25, 2012 during the Annual Dialysis Conference to be held in San Antonio, Texas, USA (for more information, please visit “ishd.net”). Also, please note the advertisements in this issue for the 2012 International Vicenza Course on Peritoneal Dialysis to be held in the Congress Center Fiera, in Vicenza, Italy. June 12t–15 – http://www.vicenzanephrocourses.com and for the ISHD 2012 Meeting to be held in the Grand Hotel in Taipei, Taiwan, August 3 to 5 http://www.ishd2012.org. Note again that in 2012, individual subscriptions to the journal not associated with ISHD membership will be discontinued, and subscriptions will be to the journal through the society membership at a reduced cost and added member services. To learn more about the ISHD, go to http://www.ishd,net and click on “Join ISHD now” for current member subscription information and rates. Christopher R. Blagg Editor-in-Chief
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.021 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.449 | 0.364 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".