The BETA-2 score web app calculator: https://www.beta2score.com/ for assessment of graft function following islet transplantation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To the Editor: The BETA-2 score gives an estimate of islet graft function following islet transplantation in people with Type 1 diabetes. It is derived from the transplant recipient’s fasting glucose, paired fasting C-peptide, insulin dose and Hba1c and generates a single value between 0 and 42, with greater scores associated with superior graft function.1Forbes S Oram RA Smith A et al.Validation of the BETA-2 score: an improved tool to estimate beta cell function after clinical islet transplantation using a single fasting blood sample.Am J Transplant. 2016; 16: 2704-2713Google Scholar Since the score does not require a standardized mixed meal it may be calculated frequently. The BETA-2 is calculated as follows:fastingC-peptide(nmol/L)×1-insulindose(units/kg)fastingplasmaglucose(nmol/L)×HbA1c(%)×1000 The score was first derived and validated in people transplanted in the Edmonton Islet Transplant Programme1Forbes S Oram RA Smith A et al.Validation of the BETA-2 score: an improved tool to estimate beta cell function after clinical islet transplantation using a single fasting blood sample.Am J Transplant. 2016; 16: 2704-2713Google Scholar and has since been externally validated in other allo-2Gołębiewska J Solomina J Kijek MR et al.External validation of the newly developed BETA-2 scoring system for pancreatic islet graft function assessment.Transplant Proc. 2017; 49: 2340-2346Google Scholar and auto-islet transplant populations3Bachul PJ Golab K Basto L et al.Long-term stability of beta-cell graft function after total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation.Pancreas. 2021; 50: e2-e4Google Scholar and has been endorsed by leaders in the field.4Rickels MR Stock PG de Koning EJP et al.Defining outcomes for beta-cell replacement therapy in the treatment of diabetes: a consensus report on the Igls criteria from the IPITA/EPITA Opinion Leaders Workshop.Transplantation. 2018; 102: 1479-1486Google Scholar In terms of utility, a score of >17 in islet transplant recipients at 75-day post-transplant is associated with long term insulin independence.5Bachul PJ Gołębiewska JE Basto L et al.BETA-2 score is an early predictor of graft decline and loss of insulin independence after pancreatic islet allotransplantation.Am J Transplant. 2020; 20: 844-851Google Scholar This formula poses a challenge to calculate rapidly in the clinic setting. The score may now easily be calculated using the web app calculator (https://www.beta2score.com/), and the units may be entered in SI or, conventional units via a quick calculation function on the home page. Health Care Professionals (HCPs) may register for the app: the advantage is that a coded patient profile may be created including date(s) transplanted with associated islet numbers received. Variables to calculate the BETA-2 score are inputted at each clinic visit generating BETA-2 scores and time intervals between scores that are graphically displayed and listed. The data at each individual center can be seen by all HCPs at that specific center only. HCPs can contact the administrator to request to share data between consenting transplant sites. All data may be exported easily to excel spreadsheets. Individual patients may also register and be granted access to view their own data only. Funding received from the University of Edinburgh. College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.033 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.054 | 0.036 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".