An Improved Triple Porosity Model for Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An Improved Triple Porosity Model for Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Ali Al-Ghamdi; Ali Al-Ghamdi Geoscience Department, University of Calgary Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Bo Chen; Bo Chen Yangtze University Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Hamid Behmanesh; Hamid Behmanesh Petroleum University of Technology Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Farhad Qanbari; Farhad Qanbari Petroleum University of Technology Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Roberto Aguilera Roberto Aguilera Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the Trinidad and Tobago Energy Resources Conference, Port of Spain, Trinidad, June 2010. Paper Number: SPE-132879-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/132879-MS Published: June 27 2010 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Al-Ghamdi, Ali , Chen, Bo , Behmanesh, Hamid , Qanbari, Farhad , and Roberto Aguilera. "An Improved Triple Porosity Model for Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs." Paper presented at the Trinidad and Tobago Energy Resources Conference, Port of Spain, Trinidad, June 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/132879-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference Search Advanced Search Abstract Many naturally fractured reservoirs are composed of matrix, fractures and non-touching vugs (it can also be any other type of non- connected porosity that can occur, for example, in intragranular, moldic and/or fenestral porosity). An improved triple porosity model is presented that takes into account these different types of porosities. The model can be used continuously throughout a reservoir with segments composed of only matrix porosity, or only matrix-fractures, or only fractures-vugs, or the complete triple porosity system.The model improves a previous triple porosity algorithm by handling rigorously the scale associated with each, matrix, fractures and vugs. This permits determining more realistic values of the cementation or porosity exponent, m, for the composite system and consequently improved values of water saturation and reserves evaluations. The values of m for the triple porosity reservoir can be smaller, equal to, or larger than the porosity exponent of only the matrix blocks, mb, depending on the relative contribution of the vugs and fractures to the total porosity system.It is concluded that not taking into account the contribution of matrix, fractures and vugs in the petrophysical evaluation of triple porosity systems can lead to significant errors in the determination of m, and consequently the calculation of water saturation, hydrocarbons in place, recoveries, and ultimately poor economic evaluations, either too pessimistic or too optimistic. This is illustrated with a couple of examples from Middle East carbonates. Keywords: non-connected vug, evaluation, triple porosity system, aguilera, upstream oil & gas, water saturation, porosity system, log analysis, triple porosity model, porosity Subjects: Formation Evaluation & Management, Open hole/cased hole log analysis Copyright 2010, Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".