Evolutionary Relationships, Population Genetics, and Ecological and Genomic Adaptations of Perch (Perca)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Eugène-Marchand, 1030, Avenue de la Médecine, Local 1145 Université Laval, Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6 Canada. E-mail: Louis.Bernatchez@bio.ulaval.ca *Corresponding author: carol.stepien@utoledo.edu The percid genus Perca contains three economically and ecologically important species, which are top piscivores in North America and Eurasia. The yellow perch P. fl avescens Mitchill, 1814 is endemic to North America, whereas two Perca species are native to Eurasia-the European perch P. fl uviatilis Linnaeus, 1758 and the Balkhash perch P. schrenkii Kessler, 1874. Both the yellow perch and the European perch are widespread across much of their respective continents (Figs. 1 and 2), where they support popular recreational and commercial fi sheries. They each have been widely introduced for angling outside their native ranges. Perch also serve as an important model species in ecotoxicology studies (e.g., Chapter 10, this volume). The goals of this chapter are to summarize the current knowledge and recent study results about their evolutionary and population genetic diversifi cation, with implications and suggestions for further research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".