Improving the Gas and Condensate Relative Permeability Using Chemical Treatments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Improving the Gas and Condensate Relative Permeability Using Chemical Treatments V. Kumar; V. Kumar U. of Texas at Austin Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar G. A. Pope; G. A. Pope U. of Texas at Austin Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar M. M. Sharma M. M. Sharma U. of Texas at Austin Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE Gas Technology Symposium, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, May 2006. Paper Number: SPE-100529-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/100529-MS Published: May 15 2006 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Kumar, V., Pope, G. A., and M. M. Sharma. "Improving the Gas and Condensate Relative Permeability Using Chemical Treatments." Paper presented at the SPE Gas Technology Symposium, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, May 2006. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/100529-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Unconventional Resources Conference / Gas Technology Symposium Search Advanced Search Abstract Production from gas-condensate reservoirs having a bottom hole flowing pressure below the dewpoint pressure results in an accumulation of condensate near the wells causing a large decrease in both the gas and condensate relative permeability. Several methods such as hydraulic fracturing and solvents have been proposed to restore production rates but all of these methods have limitations or they are only effective for short periods of time. We have evaluated new surfactants using a methanol-water mixture as the solvent to treat cores under reservoir conditions. The surfactants have been tested under reservoir conditions using a variety of cores and found to be promising since they significantly increased the steady state relative permeability. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of these surfactants at high temperature and high gas flow rates over a range of capillary numbers on the order of those near production wells. The productivity index for sandstone cores was improved by a factor of 2 to 3 for temperatures over the temperature range of 145 to 275 °F for the Novec FC 4430 polymeric surfactant in the methanol-water mixture. These treatments have the potential to greatly increase production at low cost since only the near well region of the reservoir blocked by the condensate needs to be treated. Keywords: production monitoring, Fluid Dynamics, production control, Upstream Oil & Gas, flow in porous media, Reservoir Surveillance, concentration, relative permeability, chemical treatment, gas relative permeability Subjects: Well & Reservoir Surveillance and Monitoring, Reservoir Fluid Dynamics, Formation Evaluation & Management, Flow in porous media Copyright 2006, Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".