The Use of Enzyme Technology for Improved Energy Utilization from Full-Fat Oilseeds. Part I: Canola Seed
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of carbohydrase enzyme supplementation on energy utilization from full-fat canola seed was investigated in a TMEn assay with adult roosters and in a nutrient digestibility and growth performance study with broiler chickens. In the TMEn assay, enzyme preparations C (cellulase, 340 U/g), XG (xylanase, 63,600 U/g and glucanase, 48,300 U/g), P (pectinase, 10,000 U/g), and MC (mannanase, 10,900 U/g and cellulase, 600 U/ g), alone and in combination (C + P, C + XG, C + MC, P + XG, P + MC, XG + MC, C + P + XG, C + P + MC, and C + P + XG + MC), were evaluated at an inclusion level of 0.1%. On average, hammer-milled canola seed with a TMEn content of 3,642 kcal/kg showed an increase (P < 0.05) to 4,783 kcal/kg following supplementation with the enzyme blends C + P + XG, C + P + MC, and C + P + XG + MC. A similar pattern of increase (P < 0.05) in fat (80.4 vs. 63.5%) and nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP; 20.4 vs. 4.4%) digestibilities was observed. Enzyme combination C + P + XG was further evaluated in a 2-wk (5- to 18-d) trial with broiler chickens fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic corn and soybean meal-based diets containing canola seed (15%), the corresponding canola meal (8.85%) plus canola oil (6.15%) mixture, or canola seed (15%) supplemented with 3 different levels (0.002, 0.01, or 0.05%) of the enzyme. Poorer (P < 0.05) feed:gain (1.412 vs. 1.344), lower (P < 0.05) total tract DM (65.9 vs. 70.7%) and fat (69.6 vs. 88.0%) digestibilities, lower AMEn content (2,963 vs. 3,200 kcal/kg), and lower ileal fat (65.6 vs. 85.6%) and protein (75.6 vs. 81.2%) digestibilities were observed for the canola seed diet compared with the canola meal plus canola oil diet. Enzyme supplementation of the canola seed diet resulted in an improvement (P < 0.05) in feed:gain; total tract DM, fat, and NSP digestibilities; AMEn content; and ileal fat digestibility. Although the enzyme effect on ileal and total tract fat digestibilities was significant at both high and medium inclusion levels, other parameters showed the significant improvement only when the highest inclusion rate of enzyme was used. These data support the need for carbohydrase enzyme supplements in poultry diets containing full-fat canola seed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".