Bibliographic record
Abstract
On 10 May 1981 François Mitterrand was elected President of the Republic, defeating by a narrow margin the conservative Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, on a programme of sweeping socialist and democratic reforms. Baptised by French political scientists the ‘ alternance ’, this first victory for the left since the foundation of the Fifth Republic in 1958 was the culmination of a decade of polarisation in which voters had given their support in almost equal numbers to two rival coalitions, Socialists and Communists on the one hand, and Gaullists and Giscardians on the other, all four parties at times winning dose to a quarter of the popular vote each. Yet unsuspected either by those who took part in the left’s victory celebrations, or by their opponents weighing up the chances of a quick return to power, this passing symmetry was about to be destroyed by a new force, all but politically non-existent in 1981, whose scores of 10–15 per cent in election after election reimposed the multiparty pattern which had been a characteristic reflection of French social and cultural divisions for more than a century (see Table 3.1). These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.026 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".