Case report and review of the role of late Nacetylcysteine administration in fulminant hepatic failure secondary to acetaminophen toxicity in infancy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To describe a rare case of fulminant hepatic failure in an infant secondary to acetaminophen toxicity reversed with the late administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Design: Case report, clinical. Setting: Tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Patient: A 4 month-old female admitted to the PICU with metabolic acidosis, hepatomegaly and a decreased level of consciousness progressing to liver failure subsequently found to be caused by acetaminophen toxicity. Main results: This patient was admitted to the PICU with severe metabolic acidosis, hepatomegaly and a decreased level of consciousness, which progressed to fulminant hepatic failure with severe encephalopathy. The cause of the liver failure was later found to be caused by acetaminophen toxicity. According to a Arescue protocols used at our institution, intravenous NAC, consisting of a loading dose of 150 mg/kg followed by a doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg infused over 4 and 16 hours, respectively, was administered at least 72 hours after the last possible oral dose of acetaminophen. Within 24 hours of initiating NAC therapy, the patient experienced a dramatic improvement in her liver function and encephalopathy, and was extubated and ultimately discharged from the PICU. Conclusion: NAC therapy remains the standard of care in known acetaminophen toxicity, particularly when the patient presents within 24 hours of the toxic ingestion. However, the late administration of NAC can both reverse liver failure and be lifesaving, and should be considered for children with liver failure regardless of the time of presentation or diagnosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".