Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To perform a retrospective review of seven patients with 8 humeral head impression defects who had previously failed instability repairs for ongoing anterior traumatic instability.Humeral head impression defects are unusual cause for recurrence of anterior instability following a soft tissue repair.The purpose of this paper was to report our experience and clinical results with the use of massive humeral head allograft for the treatment of structural defects in patients with failed instability repairs.Over a three-year period, 7 patients with 8 shoulder problems who had failed previous soft tissue repair for anterior shoulder instability and were treated with matched humeral head allografts for humeral head impression defects.The patients underwent a retrospective subjective and objective evaluation including pre and post operative imaging to assess incorporation and viability of the humeral head grafts.The patients were evaluated using SF 36 for general health status as well as the constant shoulder scale to assess shoulder function and a specific outcome scale in the Western Ontario shoulder instability index (WOSI).Results: 7 patients followed an average of 28.4 months (18-48 months) with reconstructed articular defects (average 30%) were reviewed.All patients had multiple dislocations and an average of 2.3 prior operative procedures.Time from first dislocation to time of surgery was six years.None of the patients had any instability in the first at 2 years, all patients returned to work.Average constant score was 78.5, SF36 was similar to a normative population and the WOSI scale improved from a preoperative scope of 1896 to a postoperative score of 789.Scans did not demonstrate any evidence of graft collapse.There was early evidence of osteoarthritis in 3 patients, present both pre and postoperatively and no hardware complications were encountered. Conclusion:We found patients with large humeral head impression defects (25%) who had failed standard soft tissue instability repairs, can S2 2001
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.571 | 0.359 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".