Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Psychopathy is also known aspsychopathic, antisocial, dissocial, andsociopathic personality disorder. It is a specific form of personality disorder that comprises a broad range of symptoms. The general course is characterized by onset in childhood and persistence into late adulthood. It can be diagnosed according to criteria in standard nosologies, although specialized psychometric procedures are often preferred by forensic mental health professionals. Using broad diagnostic criteria, estimates of lifetime prevalence in the United States were found to range from ∼1.5 to 3.5% in the general population and 50–75% in forensic populations; estimates based on more stringent diagnostic criteria are about one‐third of these rates. Psychopathy appears to be more prevalent in males, in younger generations, and in individualistic cultures; this may be due to symptom expression being facilitated by norms that promote strong individualism or, alternatively, to bias in the existing diagnostic criteria. Psychopathy is frequently comorbid with substance use disorders and some other personality disorders. The etiology of psychopathy is unknown. No reliably effective treatment for psychopathy has been identified. Psychopathy is associated with serious crime, including violence, and is often considered in psycholegal evaluations related to risk assessment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.067 | 0.012 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".