Spatiotemporal associations between forests impacted by mountain pine beetle and adjacent replantings impacted by Warren root collar weevil.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A concern to reforestation efforts following the recent outbreak of mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, is the migration of the below-ground herbivore Warren root collar weevil, Hylobius warreni Wood, from stands with a high percentage (>80%) of mature, dead lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var latifolia Dougl. ex. Loud., into adjacent young, replanted stands, resulting in significant levels of mortality to juvenile trees. The effects of the spatial patterns of salvage harvesting following outbreaks of mountain pine beetle on the development of Warren root collar weevil pressure in neighbouring, regenerating stands was examined in young lodgepole pine stands in the central interior of British Columbia, Canada. Gradients of tree mortality caused by feeding of Warren root collar weevils were observed and found to be dependent on characteristics of the adjacent, unsalvaged stands. Mortality was exacerbated by high components of dead pine in these stands, and became worse over time. To investigate whether reduced host availability is a potential causal factor explaining such patterns, I constructed three research plots consisting of combinations of live tree, dead tree and mixed (i.e., live and dead) tree habitats and observed dispersal patterns of labeled insects. Weevils were more likely to be captured close to the release location in the mixed and live habitats vs. the dead habitat. Movement rate was high in the dead habitat compared with the live and mixed habitats. In the plot with the dead habitat adjacent to the location of release, the probability of capture was lower, but movement rate and dispersal distance were greater, indicating that Warren root collar weevils will disperse out of a habitat with dead trees into a habitat with live trees. Implications to reforestation strategies following savage harvesting are discussed.--P.ii.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".