HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scholarly research into ancient philosophy has not always been particularly good at pointing out its relevance to contemporary philosophical debate.It is one of the goals that Andreas Bächli and Andreas Graeser have set themselves to meet-in the rather unexpected medium of a concise encyclopaedia of 48 basic concepts of ancient philosophy.These are discussed in a format that combines the virtue of encyclopaedia articles, to provide concise, crossreferenced information, with the more discursive, and in this case sometimes even elegant, style of the philosophical essay.Art ( τ 7 χνη /ars), beauty ( τ 3 καλ 2 ν / pulchrum ), cosmos ( κ 2 σµος / mundus ), form ( µορφ 8 / forma ), the good ( τ 3 0 γαθ 2 ν / bonum ), imitation ( µ 1 µησις / imitatio ), matter ( 6 λη / materia ), nature ( ϕ 9 σις / natura ), quality ( ποι 2 της / qualitas ), the soul ( ψυχ 8 / anima ), time ( χρ 2 νος / tempus ), truth ( 0 λ 8 θεια / veritas ), virtue ( 0 ρετ 8 / virtus ) are among the concepts covered.The English translations suggested here can be just as misleading as the common German renderings of the terms Bächli and Graeser are dealing with; the authors point out throughout where and to what extent modern 'equivalents' of ancient terms are precisely not equivalent.This indicates already that the connections that Bächli and Graeser draw between ancient and modern philosophy do not result in a rash assimilation of both.Subject/ subiectum / 5 ποκε 1 µενον is an obvious opportunity to point out the deep gulf between both epochs.Nevertheless Bächli and Graeser insist that the philosophical literature between the sixth century and the sixth century has something to say where present philosophical disputes are concerned, and this is partly reflected even in the choice of topics; the article on meaning ( σηµα 1 νειν / significatio ) is a characteristic example.Another move that fits in well with this perspective of the book is a choice of texts that is against the current, aiming at a shift in the canon.While the classics, Plato and Aristotle, of course have to figure prominently, Bächli and Graeser at the same time see the tradition of Scepticism as central rather than marginal to ancient philosophy.Generally, texts that contain much of philosophical interest, but have tended to be overlooked, such as Cicero's Lucullus or Boethius's Contra Eutychen et Nestorium , are given due attention.In dealing with these texts, whether familiar or neglected, Bächli and Graeser are philosophers and also classicists rather than the other way round.Beyond the history of words, concepts and ideas, they engage in argument.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".