Patterns of Hyperglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With or Without Hypertension, Requiring Emergency Care and Hospitalization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Hyperglycemia is treatable and preventative cause of both microvascular and macrovascular complications in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Hyperglycemia is unequivocally associated with poor outcomes especially in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study therefore is to measure the occurrence of hyperglycemic events particularly in patients with T2DM requiring acute care and subsequent hospitalization with or without hypertension and describe the epidemiological features. Methods: An incident case study design was used, i.e. adult patients (greater-than or equal to 18 years) with hyperglycemia presenting to the accident and emergency department (AED) of a tertiary teaching hospital from 2011 to 2013 were recruited for the study. Results: Overall, 350 participants satisfied the criteria for entry into the study. All 350 patients were available for analysis. The pattern of hyperglycemia was predominantly among women, younger rather than older adults, and was a significant association with duration of diabetes and also a significant temporal association. Conclusions: The patterns shown in the research indicated that hyperglycemia is a concern particularly for the over 40 years old East Indian cohort of the population and as a result programs and initiatives should be directed to this group in order to make a meaningful impact as we seek to reduce the burdens associated with this condition. J Endocrinol Metab. 2015;5(5):291-298 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jem313w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".