A SIMPLE TEST: EVALUATING EXPLANATIONS FOR THE RELATIVE SIMPLICITY OF THE EDWARDSIIDAE (CNIDARIA: ANTHOZOA)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many members of the cnidarian subclass Zoantharia (sea anemones, corals, and their allies) pass through a larval stage with eight complete mesenteries and without posterior musculature. This larva is usually transient, developing into an adult with 12 or more mesenteries. The adults of one family of sea anemones, the Edwardsiidae, bear the larval number and arrangement of mesenteries and lack the pedal disc seen in other sea anemones. The morphology of the Edwardsiidae has been interpreted in a number of ways: (1) the Edwardsiidae are the most basal extant zoantharian, having diverged before the evolution of additional mesenteries and basal musculature; (2) they are relatively advanced sea anemones that have secondarily simplified because they burrow in sand or mud rather than attaching to a hard substrate; or (3) edwardsiids are derived anemones that have retained a juvenile morphology through paedomorphosis. Phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal gene sequences reveal that the Edwardsiidae are derived zoantharians, nested within sea anemones. None of the proposed explanations fully explain the edwardsiid's body plan; edwardsiid anatomy is a mosaic of retained primitive and derived features. The results of the present study provide insight into zoantharian phylogeny and illustrate how phylogenetic tests can be used to study the evolution of cnidarian body plans.Corresponding Editor: M. Foote
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".