Influence of ingestion rate and food types on cadmium accumulation by the aquatic insect <i>Chaoborus</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We measured the influence of two food-related variables, prey type and ingestion rate, on Cd uptake by larvae of the aquatic insect Chaoborus punctipennis. Larvae collected from a low-Cd lake (0.1 nM total dissolved Cd) were held in the laboratory where they were exposed to water and to various quantities of either copepods (Diaptomus minutus) or cladocerans (Diaphanosoma birgei) from a high-Cd lake (1 nM total dissolved Cd). The Cd content of larvae exposed to the metal in water only did not increase, confirming the results of previous experiments in which food was demonstrated to be the major Cd source for C. punctipennis larvae. Prey type did not influence predator Cd content, likely because Cd concentrations in the two prey types were approximately the same (~10 µg Cd·g-1) and because Cd was assimilated with the same efficiency by the predator from the two prey types. Cadmium assimilation efficiencies were greater at low prey ingestion rates (nearly 100%) than at high prey ingestion rates (~30%), which is likely explained by a shorter residence time of food in the gut at high prey consumption rates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".