Compromised neuroimmune status in rats with experimental colitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract figure legend HCN channels play an evolutionarily conserved pacemaker role in renal pelvic smooth muscle (RPSM) of lower and higher order mammals. The function of hyperpolarization-activated cation (HCN) channels in smooth muscle pacemakers remains controversial. Renal pelvic smooth muscle pacemakers trigger smooth muscle contractions that expel waste from the kidney, and HCN channels have been localized to these pacemaker tissues. To date, however, the mechanisms underlying RPSM pacemaker activity remain elusive. RPSM pacemaker activity was investigated in both lower (top left) and higher order (bottom left) mammalian models, which exhibit divergent upper urinary tract anatomies. We performed morphological and functional studies from the single-molecule to the whole-organ level and showed that HCN channels drive RPSM pacemaker activity. RPSM pacemakers (boxed regions) integrated into the muscular syncytium, expressed HCN channels on their plasmalemma and exhibited the Ih ‘funny’ pacemaker current conducted by HCN channels. Critically, HCN channel block abolished electrical pacemaker activity and peristaltic smooth muscle contractions in both lower and higher order mammalian upper urinary tracts. Thus, HCN channels play an evolutionarily conserved pacemaker role in RPSM pacemakers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".