Epinephrine causes a reduction in lymph node cell output in sheep
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The lymphatic system has a critical role in the return of fluids, proteins, and cells to the circulatory system. However, the effects of stress, including exercise, on this system have not been adequately studied. We investigated the effect of a physiological dose (1 mg) of epinephrine (Epi) on lymph flow, cell concentration, and lymphocyte subsets in efferent subcutaneous lymph in sheep. Blood leukocyte numbers, differential, lymphocyte subsets, and blood and lymph pools of lymphocytes were determined simultaneously. A significant acute increase in lymph flow was followed by a post-injection decrease in flow and cellular output. No changes in lymphocyte subsets or pools of lymphocytes were seen in either blood or lymph. The timing of elevated plasma and lymph concentrations of Epi and norepinephrine (NE) corresponded with the increased lymph flow. In conclusion, Epi injection caused no change in lymphocyte subset distribution, leukocyte concentration, or pools of lymphocytes. A decrease in lymph flow and cellularity was documented post-injection, indicating that lymphatic tissue has no role in the leukocytosis seen after Epi injection. Lymphocyte retention by lymph nodes, however, may contribute to post-injection lymphopenia.Key words: lymphocyte recirculation, catecholamines, exercise, stress, lymph.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".