OC-010 Detailed analysis of ATG16L1 demonstrates gene-wide extent of association with crohn's disease susceptibility
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction ATG16L1 has been implicated in the susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD), notably the T300A (rs2241880, exon 9). In ATG16L1-deficient and hypomorphic mice, autophagy, Paneth-cell homeostasis and IL-1b secretion were dependent on ATG16L1 (Saitoh et al Nature 2008, Cadwell et al Cell 2010). In contrast, studies focusing on T300A have shown conflicting results (Kuballa et al PLoS ONE 2008, Fujita et al JBC 2009). The association at other susceptibility loci (eg, NOD2 and IL23R) consists of common and rare variants (Rivas et al Nat Genet 2011). Exon-sequencing studies have not demonstrated rare variants within the 18 exons of ATG16L1. Our aim was to analyse the ATG16L1 association signal, specifically focusing on common variants. Methods 38 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the ATG16L1 gene were imputed for 1735 subjects (800 CD/935 controls) (Franke et al Nat Genet 2010). Single SNP and haplotype frequency (>1%, solid spine of Linkage disequilibrium (LD), D’>0.8) association and permutation (n=10 000) analyses were performed (Haploview). Logistic regression (using SNPs p<0.05 on permutation analysis) was performed (SPSS). Monte Carlo simulation (n=10 000, R) was used to assess the difference in the number of haplotype blocks, based on D'>0.8, between CD and controls. Results Single SNP permutation analysis yielded association of 16 markers (p<0.001), from intron 1 (rs6752107) to the 3'UTR (rs1045100). Analysis of D' and r 2 characteristics, showed 12 SNPs were in complete LD with rs2241880 (D' and r 2 0.98−1). rs6758317 (r 2 =0.25, intron 2), rs3792106 (r 2 =0.76, intron 11), rs4663396 (r 2 =0.25, intron 12) and rs1045100 (r 2 =0.84) demonstrated strong association, independent of rs2241880. Regression analysis retained rs3792106, rs6754677 (intron 14) and rs1045100 (3'UTR) (p<0.05). A Monte Carlo simulation showed no significant difference in the number of haplotype blocks between CD and controls (p=1). A strong association with CD was shown for the haplotype block containing the rs2241880 and for the block containing rs1045100, both p<10 −5 . Conclusion We demonstrated that the rs2241880 alone is not sufficient to explain the strong ATG16L1 association. Additional variants, independent of rs2241880, could implicate any of the coiled-coil domain, the WD domain and/or the 3' UTR, in CD susceptibility. Competing interests None declared.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".