Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Fasting Plasma Glucose, Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background: There is inconsistent data on the effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic and metabolic status of pregnant women with GDM.Methods: In this randomized double-blind controlled trial pregnant women with GDM referred to the Diabetes Clinic of Hormozgan University of Medical science, Bandar Abbas, 2016-2017, were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=25) and placebo (n=25) groups. Subjects in the intervention group received two 50000 IU vitamin D3 pearls (at baseline and at day 21) plus 1000 mg calcium daily, and those in the placebo group received 2 placebos at the same times and 1000 mg calcium daily. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and after 6 weeks for the measurement of lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated.Results: Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D significantly increased in the intervention group (P<0.001). Vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased FPG (P=0.049), serum insulin level (P=0.001), and HOMA-IR (P=0.001) in the intervention group compared to the placeb group. Furthermore, vitamin D significantly reduced serum triglyceride (P=0.0.002), whereas it had no significant effect on total cholesterol (P=0.099), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P=0.279) , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P=0.472) compared to the placebo group.Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation can be beneficial in the regulation of FPG, insulin level, and HOMA-IR in pregnant women with GDM.Trial registration: The research has retrospectively been registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the registration number: IRCT20150607022585N3 and is accessible at the following website: www.irct.ir.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".