Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
0124 PURPOSE: To describe the outcomes of a cohort of individuals involved in a randomized control trial of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis (LE) not previously treated at least one year post-inclusion. METHODS: This study is a prospective cohort design. The initial trial was a doubleblind randomized control trial design. 60 subjects diagnosed with LE, who had never been treated for their LE were randomly allocated to receive 3 weekly sessions of real (total energy flux density range 0.03–0.17mJ/mm2) or sham ESWT. All subjects were taught a home forearm extensor stretch. Subjects were followed for 8 weeks postinclusion and were assessed for overall pain (visual analogue scale), and maximum pain-free grip strength. At the 8 week follow-up, all subjects were unblinded to their treatment allocation and subjects initially allocated to sham therapy were offered active therapy. Subjects who felt they might benefit from additional treatment sessions at the 8 week follow-up following initiation of active therapy were given 2 additional sessions. All subjects, regardless of allocation were followed for a minimum of one year post-inclusion. All subjects who received active therapy (whether initially or later crossed over) were pooled for analysis. RESULTS: Initial results for the first 20 subjects are presented in the table below (Interquartile range in parentheses):TableCONCLUSION: Initial results suggest substantial improvement in pain (one order of magnitude) and pain-free maximum grip strength over a 3-month period, and possible continued improvement over one year. It is speculated that there may be additional therapeutic benefit to additional treatment sessions beyond the standard manufacturer recommended 3 sessions. Full results for the full cohort out to one year will be presented. Supported by the Alberta Provincial Canadian Institutes of Health Research Bone and Joint Training Program and the Sport Science Association of Alberta.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".