Deletion of the Endothelin-A-Receptor Suppresses Oxygen-Induced Constriction but not Postnatal Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary: Experiments were carried out in mutant 129/SvEv mice lacking the endothelin-A (ETA)-receptor to determine whether endothelin-1 (ET-1), acting as a messenger for oxygen constriction, is responsible for closure of the ductus arteriosus at birth. The isolated ductus from ETA −/− fetuses, unlike that from ETA +/+ littermates, contracted marginally to oxygen and ET-1 but responded to a thromboxane analog. In vivo, reduction in ductus lumen was equally pronounced in tracheotomized ETA −/− and ETA +/+ newborns. Conversely, no such vessel narrowing was seen in hyperoxic ETA −/− fetuses, although it occurred in ETA +/+ littermates. Notwithstanding the uneven behaviour of the ductus in vitro and in vivo, no ETA genotype-related difference was noted in the morphology of the vessel on both light and electron microscopy. We conclude that ET-1 mediates the ductus constriction to oxygen. Without ET-1, however, the vessel still closes postnatally probably as a result of the withdrawal of the relaxing influence of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".