Mallard Duckling Survival in the Great Lakes Region
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Survival of young in waterfowl is poorly understood, particularly in regions outside of the traditional prairie breeding areas. Further, traditional methods of survival estimation lack the ability to statistically characterize between the extremes of random and catastrophic mortality events. We estimated Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) duckling survival rates for 121 broods at nine study sites across the Great Lakes region from 2001–2003, using a novel statistical method that allows for the partitioning of random and correlated mortality processes. Results indicated that survival increased rapidly with age, did not change with hatching dates, did not differ among years, but varied across site-by-year replicates. Rates of random mortality were found to vary among site-years, while rates of correlated mortality varied little across site-years. In contrast to most studies of Mallard duckling survival, seasonal increases in duckling survival were not detected. We speculate that the observed patterns in survival rates with hatching date are related to productivity in Great Lakes brood-rearing wetlands and temperate regional climate.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".