Observational evidence of moistening the lowermost stratosphere via isentropic mixing across the subtropical jet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. Isentropic mixing across and above the subtropical jet in the presence of a double tropopause may be a significant mechanism for moistening the lowermost stratosphere. We present an analysis of high spatial resolution two-dimensional measurements of the water vapour distribution that were obtained using the Spatial Heterodyne Observations of Water instrument during a demonstration flight from NASA’s high altitude ER-2 airplane. We focus on a set of measurements from 37° to 44° North, obtained on July 21, 2017 during a flight off the West coast of North America, where the instrument sampled the region above and poleward of the subtropical jet. Analysis of these measurements reveals poleward mixing of moist filaments in the region of a double tropopause. These moist filaments are examined in the context of the meteorological fields in the ECMWF (ERA-interim) model output. It is shown that the observed moist filaments are consistent with isentropic mixing across and above the sub-tropical jet. These new observations provide further evidence that the tropospheric intrusion associated with the double tropopause contributes to moistening of the lowermost stratosphere
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".