Photochemical Degradation of Aqueous Artificial Sweeteners by UV/H2O2 and Their Biodegradability Studies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p>In this study, the photochemical degradations of three commonly used artificial sweeteners, namely aspartame (ASP), acesulfame K (ACE), and sucralose (SUC) were investigated in multicomponent aqueous systems through UV/H2O2. A recirculating batch photochemical reactor setup was utilized for experimental work. The treatability of the multicomponent system was monitored in the form of total organic carbon (TOC) reduction. A two-level fractional factorial design of experiments (DOE) was adopted. The individual and multifactor interaction effects of the concentration of the three sweeteners, the applied hydrogen peroxide dosage and the operating temperature on TOC reduction were investigated. The biodegradability characteristics of the sweeteners were investigated for both single and multicomponent systems through respirometry. Their degradations were compared to those of the UV/H2O2 system. It was determined that the UV/H2O2 process is suitable treatment technique, achieving TOC removal efficiencies over 90% with a UV exposure of 45 min. The operating temperature and the applied H2O2 dosing on the final TOC removal were found to be significant. An interaction between ASP and SUC resulted in a temporary improvement in TOC removal midway through the treatment process. Respirometric studies confirmed that ACE and SUC are non-biodegradable. The biodegradation characteristics of ASP was found to be acceptable with a 6-day biochemical to theoretical oxygen demand (BOD6/ThOD) ratio of 0.63±0.02.</p>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".