Preface to the Second Edition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When Canada's Navy: The First Century appeared in 1999 the world was an uncertain place.The end of the Cold War had stripped away much of the focus of Canadian defence planning.So, too, did the clamour for a 'peace dividend' following nearly fifty years of armed stand-off between east and west.To be sure, the world remained troubled and, paradoxically in a time when the defence budget was slashed by some 30 per cent, the Canadian forces were remarkably active.Bosnia, Kosovo, East Timor, the Persian Gulf, Somalia, Rwanda, the Congo, Haiti, and many smaller missions all demanded people, equipment, and money.In the last decade of the 20th century the solution to many of these troubles seemed to be light, mobile forces designed to maintain stability while the international community acted to restore order in failed states around the world.Indeed, by the end of the 1990s the Canadian army was re-organizing itself to be easily deployable at home and abroad, and the navy was planning to build the ships to carry them.The navy, for its part, was in the throes of a major renaissance in the 1990s.During that decade virtually the entire combat fleet was renewed: twelve Canadian Patrol Frigates fresh from the builders, four submarines purchased from the British, a dozen new coastal defence vessels entering service, and the four remaining Tribal class destroyers completely rebuilt and modernized.Only the fleet support ships and the aging Sea King helicopters had been missed by the modernization process -although in the case of the helos, not for want of trying.Never before, not even in halcyon days of the early 1960s when the new St Laurent class dominated the fleet, was the capability of the navy so well aligned with what was required of it.On the eve of the 21st century the navy was the most modern and capable of Canada's armed forces.That new navy was fully tested in the decade that followed.In some respects, Milner_2907_i.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.673 | 0.513 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".