Spatial and trophic biomonitoring of trace metals in aquatic environments following the Mt. Polley Mine tailings spill
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A large (~25 M m 3 ) copper-gold tailings spill occurred in 2014 at the Mt.Polley Mine, which released solid and liquid waste and caused a debris flow into nearby Polley Lake and Quesnel Lake.This study examined the spatial and trophic patterns of trace elements in water bodies impacted by the spill between April and November 2016.Concentrations of trace metals in biofilm, invertebrates, sediments, and water were measured and analyzed using DGT and ICP-MS.Trophic positioning of sampled organisms was established using invertebrate functional feeding groups, and stable isotope ratios.Spatial results indicated that copper and vanadium concentrations in biofilm and invertebrates at impacted environments regress significantly with distance to the spill.Trophic results show evidence of copper bioaccumulation and selenium trophic magnification in biofilm and invertebrates from impacted waters.These effects appear to have seasonal variations, with stronger trophic and spatial relationships during spring overturn of Quesnel Lake.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".