Does Intravenous Dexamethasone Prevent Nausea and Vomiting after Reduction Mammoplasty?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common and unpleasant experience for patients after reduction mammoplasty. PONV may delay discharge from hospital. Dexamethasone is an effective and widely used antiemetic. Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of dexamethasone as a single antiemetic agent to reduce the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing reduction mammoplasty. Methods Fifty women scheduled for reduction mammoplasty were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous dexamethasone 0.150 mg/kg or saline before the induction of anesthesia. Postoperative analgesia was provided with intravenous morphine via a patient controlled device and rectally administered indomethacin. The presence or absence of nausea, retching and vomiting, and pain scores were assessed upon arrival in the postanesthesia care unit and at 2, 6, 8 and 12 h, and by phone interview at 24 and 48 h after surgery. Results The two groups were comparable in terms of age, history of motion sickness, duration of anesthesia and opioid consumption, both intraoperatively and postoperatively. There was no difference in the incidence of PONV between the two groups, but the patients who received dexamethasone required fewer doses of rescue antiemetic medication. Conclusion Intravenous dexamethasone before the induction of anesthesia is ineffective as a single agent antiemetic prophylactic treatment in patients undergoing reduction mammoplasty.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".