Society of Academic and Research Surgery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Metastatic burden Mitotic index Apoptosis index MI : AI ratio VEGF (pg/ml) Anaesthesia 0•67(0•026) 1•44(0•13) 4•37(0•28) 0•34(0•04) 21•14(6•69) Laparotomy 1•13(0•12)* 5•29(0•23)* 1•12(0•13)* 5•05(0•72)* 213•56(39•2)* rBPI21 and laparotomy 0•64(0•02) † 1•61(0•20) † 4•44(0•39) † 0•36(0•04) † 39•69(10•18) † Thaumatin and laparotomy 1•13(0•15) 5•2(0•20) 1•28(0•18) 4•48(0•72) 184•87(23•22) Values are mean(s.e.m.).*P < 0•01 (laparotomy versus control), †P < 0•2 (rBPI21 and laparotomy versus laparotomy only) (ANOVA post hoc statistical analysis).disease.This may be as a consequence of alteration in the balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors as part of the healing process.We previously demonstrated that COX-2 inhibitors via prostaglandin inhibition are proapoptotic and antiangiogenic, thereby inhibiting tumour growth and metastases.The aim was to examine the effect of the selective COX-2 inhibitor, parecoxib, on residual tumour growth and metastases following primary tumour cytoreductive surgery (90 per cent or greater excision) in an orthothopic murine model of breast cancer.Methods: Some 50 000 4T1 adenocarcinoma cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of female Balb/c mice and cytoreductive surgery (90 per cent or greater excision) performed when the mean primary tumour diameter reached 10(0•4) mm.Mice were randomized into two groups (n = 16 per group) to receive daily selective COX-2 inhibitor, parecoxib (0•5 mg/kg), intraperitoneal injections for 15 days and a control group to receive placebo.Mice were sacrificed on day 15 postcytoreductive surgery and residual mean tumour diameter, tumour volume and pulmonary metastases quantified.Results: Control COX-2 inhibitor Residual mean tumour diameter (mm) 18•3(0•1) 30•8(1•5) Residual mean tumour volume (cm 3 ) 12•2(0•18) * 9•6(0•52) * No. of pulmonary metastases 4•1(0•08) 1•46(0•05) † Values are mean(s.e.m.).*P < 0•05, †P < 0•01 (COX-2 inhibitor versus control).Conclusion: These data suggest that COX-2 inhibition attenuates surgically induced residual tumour growth and metastases following cytoreductive surgery and may have a role as adjuvant therapy following tumour cytoreduction surgery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.105 | 0.029 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".